friends and enemies

Population control has both friends and enemies at different levels of society:

At the individual level:
Friends: Women who don't want to spend their whole lives bearing and raising children.
Enemies: Macho men who think the number of children they have is evidence of their virility-- and that's the most important element of their self-definition.
People who are simply promiscuous and irresponsible.

At the local level:
Friends: Neighborhood groups that have an idea of what they want the neighborhood to be like and how many people should live there.
Enemies: Developers. Enough said.

At the national level:
Friends: Environmentalists, defenders of wildlife.
Enemies: Crazy nationalist natalists like the late Romanian dictator Nicolai Ceausescu, who felt that the power of his country was determined largely by its population. The result was that Romanians had way more children than they could afford, and a lot of them ended up in 'orphanages' that were little more than warehouses for unwanted children. Many of these children, totally predictably, developed physical and mental problems as a result of this institutionalization.

At the international level:
Friends: Environmentalists, defenders of wildlife.
Enemies: Religious natalists: Catholics, Mormons, Ultra-Orthodox Jews. (I don't know if Muslims are natalists.)